GeometryFormula

SAT Math Formula Sheet

Every SAT reference-sheet formula, plus ones you must memorize

Every Digital SAT math section includes a built-in reference sheet, and it is geometry-only. It shows the area and circumference of a circle, the area of a rectangle and a triangle, the Pythagorean theorem, the 30-60-90 and 45-45-90 special right triangles, and the volumes of a rectangular box, cylinder, sphere, cone, and pyramid — plus the facts that a circle has 360° (2π radians) and a triangle’s angles sum to 180°. This preset includes every one of those formulas, and alongside them the related formulas the reference sheet leaves out.

The reference sheet is a trap for the unprepared in one specific way: it lulls students into thinking the SAT “gives you the formulas.” It gives you a dozen geometry formulas and nothing else. The algebra, the linear-equation forms, the coordinate-geometry tools, and every trig relationship beyond the given right triangles must be memorized. That includes most of this sheet. Of the formulas in the main set, only the areas, circumference, volumes and right-triangle rules listed above are given on test day; the surface areas, perimeters, diagonals, slant heights and Heron’s formula are not. The bonus set — distance, midpoint, slope, the equations of a line, and SOH-CAH-TOA — is also yours to memorize.

The most valuable habit for SAT geometry is recognizing the special right triangles instantly: a 45-45-90 triangle has sides in ratio 1 : 1 : √2, and a 30-60-90 triangle has sides 1 : √3 : 2. Many “hard” SAT questions collapse into one step once you spot them. Each formula here links to an interactive explorer so you can rehearse that recognition with live numbers rather than static text.

Print the sheet as your review copy, remembering that only the formulas named in the first paragraph will be on screen in Bluebook on test day — everything else on it is your memorization checklist. Toggle between A4 and US Letter, trim to the topics you are drilling, and keep the two-column layout for a fast, scannable review the night before.

One more Bluebook detail worth practicing: the reference sheet is always one tap away during the math sections, so you never need to memorize the given dozen — but reaching for it costs seconds, and the SAT is a timed test. The students who score highest know the provided formulas well enough that they rarely open the panel, saving the reference for the occasional volume question and spending their time on the reasoning instead of the lookup.

Official source: https://satsuite.collegeboard.org/sat

1 · Choose a preset

2 · Pick your formulas

2D shapes
3D solids
Coordinate geometry
Right triangles & trig

3 · Print or share

“Print / Save PDF” opens your browser’s print dialog — choose your printer, or “Save as PDF”. No sign-up, no watermark.

SAT Math — Formula Sheet

Verified formulas · GeometryFormula.com

Rectangle
AreaA=l⋅wA = l \cdot w
PerimeterP=2(l+w)P = 2(l + w)
Diagonald=l2+w2d = \sqrt{l^2 + w^2}
Triangle
Area (base & height)A=12bhA = \tfrac{1}{2} b h
Area (Heron’s)A=s(s−a)(s−b)(s−c)A = \sqrt{s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)}
Semiperimeters=a+b+c2s = \dfrac{a+b+c}{2}
PerimeterP=a+b+cP = a + b + c
Circle
AreaA=πr2A = \pi r^2
CircumferenceC=2πrC = 2\pi r
Diameterd=2rd = 2r
Rectangular prism
VolumeV=lwhV = l w h
Surface areaSA=2(lw+lh+wh)SA = 2(lw + lh + wh)
Space diagonald=l2+w2+h2d = \sqrt{l^2 + w^2 + h^2}
Cylinder
VolumeV=πr2hV = \pi r^2 h
Lateral surfaceLSA=2πrhLSA = 2\pi r h
Surface areaSA=2πr(r+h)SA = 2\pi r(r + h)
Cone
Slant heightℓ=r2+h2\ell = \sqrt{r^2 + h^2}
VolumeV=13πr2hV = \tfrac{1}{3}\pi r^2 h
Lateral surfaceLSA=πrℓLSA = \pi r \ell
Surface areaSA=πr(r+ℓ)SA = \pi r(r + \ell)
Sphere
VolumeV=43πr3V = \tfrac{4}{3}\pi r^3
Surface areaSA=4πr2SA = 4\pi r^2
Pyramid
Volume (any pyramid)V=13BhV = \tfrac{1}{3} B h
Slant heightℓ=(b/2)2+h2\ell = \sqrt{(b/2)^2 + h^2}
Volume (square base)V=13b2hV = \tfrac{1}{3} b^2 h
Lateral surfaceLSA=2bℓLSA = 2 b \ell
Surface areaSA=b2+2bℓSA = b^2 + 2 b \ell
Distance formula
Distanced=(x2−x1)2+(y2−y1)2d = \sqrt{(x_2 - x_1)^2 + (y_2 - y_1)^2}
Midpoint formula
MidpointM=(x1+x22,y1+y22)M = \left(\dfrac{x_1 + x_2}{2}, \dfrac{y_1 + y_2}{2}\right)
Slope
Slopem=y2−y1x2−x1m = \dfrac{y_2 - y_1}{x_2 - x_1}
Equations of a line
Slope-intercepty=mx+by = mx + b
Point-slopey−y1=m(x−x1)y - y_1 = m(x - x_1)
StandardAx+By=CAx + By = C
Pythagorean theorem
Right trianglea2+b2=c2a^2 + b^2 = c^2
Special right triangles
45–45–90x:x:x2x : x : x\sqrt{2}
30–60–90x:x3:2xx : x\sqrt{3} : 2x
Trig ratios (SOH-CAH-TOA)
Sinesin⁡θ=opphyp\sin\theta = \dfrac{\text{opp}}{\text{hyp}}
Cosinecos⁡θ=adjhyp\cos\theta = \dfrac{\text{adj}}{\text{hyp}}
Tangenttan⁡θ=oppadj\tan\theta = \dfrac{\text{opp}}{\text{adj}}
Free printable geometry formulas · GeometryFormula.com · CC BY-SA 4.0

SAT Math formula sheet as an image

SAT Math formula sheet, a study copy rather than an official exam document, covering circle, rectangle, triangle, pythagorean theorem, special right triangles, rectangular prism, cylinder, sphere, cone and pyramid, plus bonus formulas for distance formula, midpoint formula, slope, trig ratios (soh-cah-toa) and equations of a line.
Every formula in this preset on one image, with diagrams. A study copy, not an official exam document — check which formulas your exam provides. Download the image.

Other exam presets

NY RegentsTexas STAARACTEOCVirginia SOLPA KeystoneBasic (Middle School)Complete (High School) Custom sheet builder

Frequently asked questions

What formulas are on the SAT sheet?

It includes every formula on the Digital SAT (Bluebook) reference sheet, plus related formulas the SAT does not give you — surface areas, perimeters, diagonals and slant heights — which you need to memorize. Use the builder to see every formula, add bonus formulas, and print a clean A4 or US Letter copy.

Is this SAT formula sheet free to print?

Yes — no sign-up, no watermark, no cost. Print it or save it as a PDF from your browser as often as you like.

Can I customize the sheet?

Yes. The preset pre-checks the aligned formulas; you can add or remove any formula, switch paper size, and copy a shareable link to your exact sheet.